See doughty on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughtily"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughtiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doughty-handed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "undoughty"
}
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewgʰ-"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "doughty",
"t": "brave, bold, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
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{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "dought",
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"expansion": "dought + -y",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "douchty"
},
"expansion": "Scots douchty",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duchtig",
"t": "severe, strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tüchtig",
"t": "capable, competent, efficient; big; hard"
},
"expansion": "German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dygtig",
"t": "virtuous, proficient"
},
"expansion": "Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "duktig",
"t": "efficient; good; capable, clever, smart"
},
"expansion": "Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dygðugur",
"t": "virtuous, stable"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”), from Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ (“competent, good, strong, valiant”), from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg.\nThe English word may be analysed as dought + -y, and is cognate with Scots douchty, douchtie (“bold, valiant”), Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”), German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”), Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”), Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”), Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”).\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughtier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more doughty",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most doughty",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "doubty",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er,more"
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtier or more doughty, superlative doughtiest or most doughty)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"translation": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "redoubtable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "backboneless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "base"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "soft"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"African-American-Vernacular-English",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "bitch-ass"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "boneless"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "caitiff"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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"slang"
],
"word": "candy-assed"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-hearted"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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"word": "chickenshit"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "courageless"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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"word": "cowardish"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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"word": "cowardy"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cravenhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cringey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastard"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"slang",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "dickless"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
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"idiomatic"
],
"word": "dough-faced"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fainthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fearful"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"US",
"childish"
],
"word": "fraidy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "gizzardless"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in this sense"
],
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heartless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "invalorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "invertebrate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "gutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "hen-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"Singlish"
],
"word": "kiasi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "lily-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "liver-faced"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "liver-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "low-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "miching"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "milky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "milk-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mouse-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mousy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "nerveless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niddering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nidering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niding"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nithing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "nutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pigeon-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poltroonish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poor-spirited"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"African-American-Vernacular-English"
],
"word": "punk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pusillanimous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pussylike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "ratlike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "rabbit-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "recrayed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "retromingent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "sissy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "spineless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "unhearty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "weak-kneed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "white-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "white-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "wimpish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow-bellied"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 21 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 27 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (adjectival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "84 6 7 2",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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{
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{
"_dis": "75 10 12 3",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "76 8 11 4",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "82 6 8 3",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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{
"_dis": "77 11 7 5",
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"name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
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{
"_dis": "82 6 8 3",
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{
"_dis": "84 6 8 2",
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
101,
111
]
],
"ref": "1961, Norma Lorre Goodrich, “Beowulf”, in The Medieval Myths, New York: The New American Library, page 21:",
"text": "Hurriedly he snatched up others, one or two at a time, until he had slaughtered thirty of Hrothgar's doughtiest earls.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
141,
148
]
],
"ref": "2014 November 14, Blake Bailey, “‘Tennessee Williams,’ by John Lahr [print version: Theatrical victory of art over life, International New York Times, 18 November 2014, page 13]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 Aug 2019:",
"text": "[S]he [Edwina, mother of Tennessee Williams] was indeed Amanda [Wingfield, character in Williams's play The Glass Menagerie] in the flesh: a doughty chatterbox from Ohio who adopted the manner of a Southern belle and eschewed both drink and sex to the greatest extent possible.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bold; brave, courageous."
],
"id": "en-doughty-en-adj-C9-CMUwW",
"links": [
[
"Bold",
"bold#Adjective"
],
[
"brave",
"brave#Adjective"
],
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or archaic) Bold; brave, courageous."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dauntless"
},
{
"word": "fearless"
},
{
"word": "intrepid"
},
{
"word": "resolute"
},
{
"word": "stouthearted"
},
{
"word": "valiant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "adventurous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "mettlesome"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "aweless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bad"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "bold"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "brass-balled"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "chivalrous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "courageous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "daredevil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "daring"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "dauntless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "fearless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "fortitudinous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "gallant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "gutsy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "heroic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "intrepid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "lionhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "orped"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "plucky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stalwart"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stalworth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stouthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "unafraid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "undaunted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "valiant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "valorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "venturesome"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "smel",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "смел"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "rešítelen",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "реши́телен"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "dapper"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "coraggioso"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "intrepido"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "indomito"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "baldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "ardito"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "smélyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "сме́лый"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "xrábryj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "хра́брый"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "otvážnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "отва́жный"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dóblestnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "до́блестный"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"english": "resolute",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "rešítelʹnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"translation": "resolute",
"word": "реши́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "intrépido"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "intrépida"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "indómito"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "indómita"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "temeraria"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "cesur"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "koçak",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "قوچاق"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
29
]
],
"ref": "1937, Edward Mellor Jameson, Charterhouse:",
"text": "Aye, here's a ship of doughty build and strong: But not for lads like you to sail to port.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"ref": "1956, Sylvester Kirby Stevens, Pennsylvania, The Keystone State:",
"text": "One can imagine the enthusiasm with which this young man in his thirties, and not the fat and doughty Quakerish-looking gentleman usually portrayed in the popular picture of Penn as Proprietor, must have entered upon this great adventure.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
124,
131
]
],
"ref": "1964, Japan Quarterly:",
"text": "The experience was something like going before the Daughters of the American Revolution and advocating communism; but then, doughty matronly bosoms always intimidate me.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
126,
133
]
],
"ref": "1997 December 22, Sarah Boxer, “At Dinner With: Jan Morris; Writer With a Favorite Theme: Reconciliation of Opposites”, in New York Times:",
"text": "Her remark invited a deeper look into her face, which seemed to flicker between that of a puckish, energetic man and a rather doughty, sturdy-looking woman.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robust, sturdy; strong and perhaps stout."
],
"id": "en-doughty-en-adj-F70SbWkd",
"links": [
[
"Robust",
"robust#English"
],
[
"sturdy",
"sturdy"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"stout",
"stout"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or archaic) Robust, sturdy; strong and perhaps stout."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Catachresis for dowdy."
],
"id": "en-doughty-en-adj-FgEctRlD",
"links": [
[
"Catachresis",
"catachresis#English"
],
[
"dowdy",
"dowdy#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Catachresis for dowdy."
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-doughty.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga/En-uk-doughty.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾi]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʌʊ̯ɾi]",
"note": "Canada, Canadian raising"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊti"
},
{
"homophone": "dowdy (in accents with flapping)"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doughty",
"t": "brave, bold, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dohtiġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*duhtīg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dought",
"3": "y",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "dought + -y",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "douchty"
},
"expansion": "Scots douchty",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duchtig",
"t": "severe, strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tüchtig",
"t": "capable, competent, efficient; big; hard"
},
"expansion": "German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dygtig",
"t": "virtuous, proficient"
},
"expansion": "Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "duktig",
"t": "efficient; good; capable, clever, smart"
},
"expansion": "Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dygðugur",
"t": "virtuous, stable"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”), from Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ (“competent, good, strong, valiant”), from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg.\nThe English word may be analysed as dought + -y, and is cognate with Scots douchty, douchtie (“bold, valiant”), Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”), German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”), Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”), Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”), Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”).\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughties",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doubty",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doughty (plural doughties)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A person who is bold or brave."
],
"id": "en-doughty-en-noun-AHg7mmbt",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"bold",
"bold#Adjective"
],
[
"brave",
"brave#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, rare) A person who is bold or brave."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-doughty.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga/En-uk-doughty.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾi]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʌʊ̯ɾi]",
"note": "Canada, Canadian raising"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊti"
},
{
"homophone": "dowdy (in accents with flapping)"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "douchty"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "douchtie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dohtiġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*duhtīg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg, *dohtag.\nForms with /u/ (/uː/ through lengthening before /xt/) are likely due to the analogy of douen (early /ˈduɣən/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughtiere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "dogheti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghuti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohuthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohuti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douchti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dougheti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughety",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝcti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dousti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowghty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowsty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dughti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhtie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohti",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhhtiȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhti",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhtiȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "doughtiest",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "doughtiere",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "superlative",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtiere, superlative doughtiest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "doughtiere",
"3": "doughtiest"
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtiere, superlative doughtiest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doughtyly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doughtynesse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brave, fearless, doughty; demonstrating valiance."
],
"id": "en-doughty-enm-adj-MrJL3MRl",
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave"
],
[
"fearless",
"fearless"
],
[
"doughty",
"doughty#English"
],
[
"demonstrating",
"demonstrating"
],
[
"valiance",
"valiance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Amazing, fine; of high quality or worth."
],
"id": "en-doughty-enm-adj-M8CLn0lx",
"links": [
[
"Amazing",
"amazing"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈduːxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔu̯xtiː/"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewgʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y (adjectival)",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊti",
"Rhymes:English/aʊti/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dought"
},
{
"word": "doughtily"
},
{
"word": "doughtiness"
},
{
"word": "doughty-handed"
},
{
"word": "undoughty"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doughty",
"t": "brave, bold, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dohtiġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*duhtīg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dought",
"3": "y",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "dought + -y",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "douchty"
},
"expansion": "Scots douchty",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duchtig",
"t": "severe, strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tüchtig",
"t": "capable, competent, efficient; big; hard"
},
"expansion": "German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dygtig",
"t": "virtuous, proficient"
},
"expansion": "Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "duktig",
"t": "efficient; good; capable, clever, smart"
},
"expansion": "Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dygðugur",
"t": "virtuous, stable"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”), from Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ (“competent, good, strong, valiant”), from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg.\nThe English word may be analysed as dought + -y, and is cognate with Scots douchty, douchtie (“bold, valiant”), Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”), German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”), Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”), Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”), Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”).\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughtier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more doughty",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most doughty",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "doubty",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er,more"
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtier or more doughty, superlative doughtiest or most doughty)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"translation": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "redoubtable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "backboneless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "base"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "soft"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"African-American-Vernacular-English",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "bitch-ass"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "boneless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "caitiff"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"slang"
],
"word": "candy-assed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "chicken-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "chickenshit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "courageless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "cowardish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"British"
],
"word": "cowardy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cowish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "craven"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cravenhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "cringey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastard"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "dastardly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"slang",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "dickless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"US",
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "dough-faced"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fainthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "fearful"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"US",
"childish"
],
"word": "fraidy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "gizzardless"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in this sense"
],
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heartless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "invalorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "invertebrate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "gutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "hen-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"Singlish"
],
"word": "kiasi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "lily-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "liver-faced"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "liver-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "low-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "miching"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "milky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "milk-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mouse-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "mousy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "nerveless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niddering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nidering"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "niding"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "nithing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "nutless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pigeon-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poltroonish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "poor-spirited"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"African-American-Vernacular-English"
],
"word": "punk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pusillanimous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "pussylike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "ratlike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "rabbit-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "recrayed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "retromingent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "sissy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "spineless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "timorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "unhearty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "weak-kneed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "white-hearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "white-livered"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "wimpish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:cowardly",
"word": "yellow-bellied"
}
],
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
101,
111
]
],
"ref": "1961, Norma Lorre Goodrich, “Beowulf”, in The Medieval Myths, New York: The New American Library, page 21:",
"text": "Hurriedly he snatched up others, one or two at a time, until he had slaughtered thirty of Hrothgar's doughtiest earls.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
141,
148
]
],
"ref": "2014 November 14, Blake Bailey, “‘Tennessee Williams,’ by John Lahr [print version: Theatrical victory of art over life, International New York Times, 18 November 2014, page 13]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 Aug 2019:",
"text": "[S]he [Edwina, mother of Tennessee Williams] was indeed Amanda [Wingfield, character in Williams's play The Glass Menagerie] in the flesh: a doughty chatterbox from Ohio who adopted the manner of a Southern belle and eschewed both drink and sex to the greatest extent possible.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bold; brave, courageous."
],
"links": [
[
"Bold",
"bold#Adjective"
],
[
"brave",
"brave#Adjective"
],
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or archaic) Bold; brave, courageous."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dauntless"
},
{
"word": "fearless"
},
{
"word": "intrepid"
},
{
"word": "resolute"
},
{
"word": "stouthearted"
},
{
"word": "valiant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "adventurous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "mettlesome"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "aweless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bad"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "bold"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "brass-balled"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "chivalrous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "courageous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "daredevil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "daring"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "dauntless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "fearless"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "fortitudinous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "gallant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "gutsy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "heroic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "intrepid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "lionhearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "orped"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "plucky"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stalwart"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stalworth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "stouthearted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "unafraid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "undaunted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "valiant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "valorous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:brave",
"word": "venturesome"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
29
]
],
"ref": "1937, Edward Mellor Jameson, Charterhouse:",
"text": "Aye, here's a ship of doughty build and strong: But not for lads like you to sail to port.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"ref": "1956, Sylvester Kirby Stevens, Pennsylvania, The Keystone State:",
"text": "One can imagine the enthusiasm with which this young man in his thirties, and not the fat and doughty Quakerish-looking gentleman usually portrayed in the popular picture of Penn as Proprietor, must have entered upon this great adventure.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
124,
131
]
],
"ref": "1964, Japan Quarterly:",
"text": "The experience was something like going before the Daughters of the American Revolution and advocating communism; but then, doughty matronly bosoms always intimidate me.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
126,
133
]
],
"ref": "1997 December 22, Sarah Boxer, “At Dinner With: Jan Morris; Writer With a Favorite Theme: Reconciliation of Opposites”, in New York Times:",
"text": "Her remark invited a deeper look into her face, which seemed to flicker between that of a puckish, energetic man and a rather doughty, sturdy-looking woman.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robust, sturdy; strong and perhaps stout."
],
"links": [
[
"Robust",
"robust#English"
],
[
"sturdy",
"sturdy"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"stout",
"stout"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or archaic) Robust, sturdy; strong and perhaps stout."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Catachresis for dowdy."
],
"links": [
[
"Catachresis",
"catachresis#English"
],
[
"dowdy",
"dowdy#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Catachresis for dowdy."
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-doughty.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga/En-uk-doughty.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾi]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʌʊ̯ɾi]",
"note": "Canada, Canadian raising"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊti"
},
{
"homophone": "dowdy (in accents with flapping)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "smel",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "смел"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "rešítelen",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "реши́телен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "dapper"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "coraggioso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "intrepido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "indomito"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "baldo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "ardito"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "smélyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "сме́лый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "xrábryj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "хра́брый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "otvážnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "отва́жный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dóblestnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "до́блестный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "resolute",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "rešítelʹnyj",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"translation": "resolute",
"word": "реши́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "intrépido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "intrépida"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "indómito"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "indómita"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "temeraria"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "temerario"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "cesur"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "koçak",
"sense": "bold; brave, courageous — see also brave",
"word": "قوچاق"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewgʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y (adjectival)",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊti",
"Rhymes:English/aʊti/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doughty",
"t": "brave, bold, valiant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dohtiġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*duhtīg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dought",
"3": "y",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "dought + -y",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "douchty"
},
"expansion": "Scots douchty",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "duchtig",
"t": "severe, strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tüchtig",
"t": "capable, competent, efficient; big; hard"
},
"expansion": "German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dygtig",
"t": "virtuous, proficient"
},
"expansion": "Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "duktig",
"t": "efficient; good; capable, clever, smart"
},
"expansion": "Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dygðugur",
"t": "virtuous, stable"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English doughty (“brave, bold, valiant”), from Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ (“competent, good, strong, valiant”), from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg.\nThe English word may be analysed as dought + -y, and is cognate with Scots douchty, douchtie (“bold, valiant”), Dutch duchtig (“severe, strict”), German tüchtig (“capable, competent, efficient; big; hard”), Danish dygtig (“virtuous, proficient”), Swedish duktig (“efficient; good; capable, clever, smart”), Icelandic dygðugur (“virtuous, stable”).\nThe noun is derived from the adjective.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughties",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doubty",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doughty (plural doughties)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is bold or brave."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"bold",
"bold#Adjective"
],
[
"brave",
"brave#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, rare) A person who is bold or brave."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-doughty.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga/En-uk-doughty.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/En-uk-doughty.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdaʊti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾi]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdʌʊ̯ɾi]",
"note": "Canada, Canadian raising"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊti"
},
{
"homophone": "dowdy (in accents with flapping)"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "doughty"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "douchty"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "douchtie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dohtiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dohtiġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*duhtīg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg, *dohtag.\nForms with /u/ (/uː/ through lengthening before /xt/) are likely due to the analogy of douen (early /ˈduɣən/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doughtiere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughtiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "dogheti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doghuti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohuthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohuti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douchti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dougheti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "doughety",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝcti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douhty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dousti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "douti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowghty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowsty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dowty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dughti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝte",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝti",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duȝty",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duhtie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duthi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dohti",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhhtiȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhti",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "duhtiȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "doughtiest",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "doughtiere",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "superlative",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtiere, superlative doughtiest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "doughtiere",
"3": "doughtiest"
},
"expansion": "doughty (comparative doughtiere, superlative doughtiest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dought"
},
{
"word": "doughtyly"
},
{
"word": "doughtynesse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Brave, fearless, doughty; demonstrating valiance."
],
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave"
],
[
"fearless",
"fearless"
],
[
"doughty",
"doughty#English"
],
[
"demonstrating",
"demonstrating"
],
[
"valiance",
"valiance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Amazing, fine; of high quality or worth."
],
"links": [
[
"Amazing",
"amazing"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈduːxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔxtiː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔu̯xtiː/"
}
],
"word": "doughty"
}
Download raw JSONL data for doughty meaning in All languages combined (26.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.